Learning & memory

One of the six dsm-5 cognitive domains: taking new information in and getting it back out later. Separated from attention deliberately — cholinergic imaging in Parkinson's found denervation tracked attention, executive and visuospatial function but not memory.

Memory chemical increases it.

PMC12041729 — Significant cholinergic dysfunctions occur in the aged and demented central nervous system, relationships between these changes and loss of memory exist, similar memory deficits can be artificially induced…. PMC12041729

Supports BDNF signaling increases it.

10.1038/sj.mp.4001957 — Brain-derived neurotrophic factor induces long-term potentiation in intact adult hippocampus: requirement for ERK activation coupled to CREB and upregulation of Arc synthesis. Ying et al. J Neurosci 2002;22:1532-1540. doi 10.1038/sj.mp.4001957

Quiets overexcitation increases it.

10.1038/s42003-024-06586-8 — The experience-driven change in synaptic strength, universally known as long-term potentiation (LTP), is initiated during memory encoding and requires functional and structural modifications, such as the…. doi 10.1038/s42003-024-06586-8 · PMC12898322

Brain adaptability increases it.

10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151357 — actin-dependent reconfiguration of postsynaptic dendritic spines. doi 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151357 · PMC12898322

New neuron growth increases it.

10.1371/journal.pone.0050455 — 10.1038/nrn2822 — This process, named adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), participates in hippocampal functions such as memory and mood regulation. S2589958925000118. doi 10.1371/journal.pone.0050455

Plasticity switch increases it.

10.1254/jphs.crj05005x — for an early-LTP to completely mature and reach its long-lasting form (long-LTP), therefore transforming a malleable short-term memory into an enduring one, subsequent waves of protein synthesis are required. doi 10.1254/jphs.crj05005x · PMC12898322

Sleep increases it.

10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01368 — Performance in working memory tasks was also significantly impacted (d = -0.19, 95% CI: -0.38 to -0.00). doi 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01368 · PMC6363670

Brain inflammation reduces it.

10.2147/JIR.S304461 — the impact of sleep deprivation on microglia may be a key factor in cognitive impairment. doi 10.2147/JIR.S304461 · PMC12868487

Lowers cortisol reduces it.

10.3389/fnagi.2014.00157 — long-term exposure to high endogenous levels of glucocorticoids is associated with both memory impairments and a 14% smaller volume of the hippocampus. doi 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00157 · PMID 15511597

Motivation increases it.

10.1371/journal.pone.0135578 — Dopamine, a neurotransmitter widely present in the brain, has long been known to play critical roles in neural computations underlying learning and behavioral adaptations. doi 10.1371/journal.pone.0135578 · PMC6900137

Recognition memory increases it.

The DSM-5 Neurocognitive Work Group agreed on six principal domains of cognitive function, each with subdomains. Learning and memory comprises immediate memory, recent memory (free recall, cued recall and recognition memory), and very-long-term memory including semantic, autobiographical and implicit learning. Taxonomic edge, not a causal mechanism: this is a DSM-5 domain/subdomain relationship, not a pathway acting on another. Sachdev 2014, Nat Rev Neurol 10:634-642 — Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181 The manual's own table, which carries the immediate/recent nesting this line states, is reproduced verbatim as 'Immediate memory, recent memory' in Table 1 of doi 10.1186/s13643-019-1220-4 (Domains used to diagnose major and mild neurocognitive disorders in the DSM-5). Scope stated before anyone asks: Sachdev's Figure 2 is an ABRIDGED rendering of the DSM-5 table and does not carry every subdomain named here, so the manual's own wording is cited beside it. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181

Unprompted recall increases it.

The DSM-5 Neurocognitive Work Group agreed on six principal domains of cognitive function, each with subdomains. Learning and memory comprises immediate memory, recent memory (free recall, cued recall and recognition memory), and very-long-term memory including semantic, autobiographical and implicit learning. Taxonomic edge, not a causal mechanism: this is a DSM-5 domain/subdomain relationship, not a pathway acting on another. Sachdev 2014, Nat Rev Neurol 10:634-642 — Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181 The manual's own table, which carries the immediate/recent nesting this line states, is reproduced verbatim as 'Immediate memory, recent memory' in Table 1 of doi 10.1186/s13643-019-1220-4 (Domains used to diagnose major and mild neurocognitive disorders in the DSM-5). Scope stated before anyone asks: Sachdev's Figure 2 is an ABRIDGED rendering of the DSM-5 table and does not carry every subdomain named here, so the manual's own wording is cited beside it. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181

Recall with a hint increases it.

The DSM-5 Neurocognitive Work Group agreed on six principal domains of cognitive function, each with subdomains. Learning and memory comprises immediate memory, recent memory (free recall, cued recall and recognition memory), and very-long-term memory including semantic, autobiographical and implicit learning. Taxonomic edge, not a causal mechanism: this is a DSM-5 domain/subdomain relationship, not a pathway acting on another. Sachdev 2014, Nat Rev Neurol 10:634-642 — Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181 The manual's own table, which carries the immediate/recent nesting this line states, is reproduced verbatim as 'Immediate memory, recent memory' in Table 1 of doi 10.1186/s13643-019-1220-4 (Domains used to diagnose major and mild neurocognitive disorders in the DSM-5). Scope stated before anyone asks: Sachdev's Figure 2 is an ABRIDGED rendering of the DSM-5 table and does not carry every subdomain named here, so the manual's own wording is cited beside it. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181

Word & fact memory increases it.

The DSM-5 Neurocognitive Work Group agreed on six principal domains of cognitive function, each with subdomains. Learning and memory comprises immediate memory, recent memory (free recall, cued recall and recognition memory), and very-long-term memory including semantic, autobiographical and implicit learning. Taxonomic edge, not a causal mechanism: this is a DSM-5 domain/subdomain relationship, not a pathway acting on another. Sachdev 2014, Nat Rev Neurol 10:634-642 — Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181 The manual's own table, which carries the immediate/recent nesting this line states, is reproduced verbatim as 'Immediate memory, recent memory' in Table 1 of doi 10.1186/s13643-019-1220-4 (Domains used to diagnose major and mild neurocognitive disorders in the DSM-5). Scope stated before anyone asks: Sachdev's Figure 2 is an ABRIDGED rendering of the DSM-5 table and does not carry every subdomain named here, so the manual's own wording is cited beside it. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181

It increases Memory & focus.

The DSM-5 Neurocognitive Work Group agreed on six principal domains of cognitive function — complex attention, executive function, learning and memory, language, perceptual-motor and social cognition. Taxonomic edge, not a causal mechanism: this is a DSM-5 domain/subdomain relationship, not a pathway acting on another. Sachdev 2014, Nat Rev Neurol 10:634-642 — Classifying neurocognitive disorders: the DSM-5 approach. doi 10.1038/nrneurol.2014.181

It increases Immediate memory.

Immediate memory is a measured subdomain of the learning-and-memory cognitive domain. doi 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00461

It increases Remembering to remember.

Prospective memory is a measured subdomain of the learning-and-memory cognitive domain. doi 10.1111/jnp.12388 · PMC3621687

ALZ (Memory Preservation) →