Liver inflammation
Steatohepatitis↓
Also searched as Steatohepatitis.
You want it resolved. Fat is reversible; the inflamed stage is where the road forks.
In depth
Fat alone is called steatosis and it is usually quiet. NASH is what it becomes when inflammation and cell injury arrive on top of the fat. It is diagnosed on a biopsy, not a blood test, and it is the stage where scarring starts.
What drives it
Clears liver fat increases it.
10.3390/ijms15069924 — the stage boundary, stated by the trial that defined the field's endpoint. PIVENS design (S1551714408001146): 'Before and post-treatment liver biopsies ARE read centrally in a masked fashion for an assessment of steatohepatitis and a NAFLD activity score (NAS) consisting of steatosis, LOBULAR inflammation, and hepatocyte ballooning.' Steatosis is one of three components; NASH is the composite. The progression is not obligatory. The Mexican Ministry of Health guideline states, in Spanish, 'Esteatosis y hepatitis representan grados variables de lesión, PERO NO son REQUISITOS para EL DESARROLLO DE CIRROSIS.' The stages overlap rather than queue. doi 10.3390/ijms15069924
Liver cell swelling increases it.
10.3390/ijms17010097 — The discriminating feature, and the one the evidence actually moves. Pivens primary endpoint (s1551714408001146): 'either an improvement in nas by 2 or more in at least two NAS features, or a post-treatment NAS of 3 or less, and improvement in hepatocyte ballooning by 1 OR more, and NO worsening of fibrosis' — ballooning improvement is a required term, not an optional one. And tonic in children: 'The only histologic feature of NASH that improved with both medications was ballooning', while steatosis, lobular inflammation and fibrosis scores did not improve. This is why vitamin E carries NASH and not steatosis on this blend. doi 10.3390/ijms17010097
Alcohol-related fatty liver increases it.
The two arms converge on one histology. Chinese-language source: '当出现特定的组织病理特征,如肝脂肪变性、肝细胞气球样变以及中性粒细胞浸润等症状时,则可以诊断为酒精性脂肪性肝炎' — steatosis plus hepatocyte ballooning plus neutrophil infiltration defines alcoholic steatohepatitis. And the Korean kasl source: '酒精性い原因い場合をアルコール性肝炎といい、アルコールと関連がないにもかかわらず同一の病理組織所見を示す場合を非アルコール性脂肪肝炎と呼ぶ' — the alcoholic and non-alcoholic forms show the same histological picture and are distinguished only by cause. Same histology, different cause — and one of those causes is not on the label.
Calms inflammation increases it.
Verbatim (PMC12086950): 'alcohol metabolism leads to glutathione depletion, mitochondrial damage, lipid peroxidation and innate immune responses'. And PMC7530314: 'by the time alcoholic steatosis is present but before the onset of alcoholic steatohepatitis, innate immune system signaling is already present through the action of interferon regulatory factor 3.' this edge carries the inflammatory transition only. It does not license any driver's nfkb grade to be read as a NASH claim. PMC12086950
What it drives
It increases Tissue scarring.
Verbatim (pmc7530314, comparing NAFLD and ald): 'activated hepatic stellate cells lay down a fibrotic extracellular matrix composed of collagens type I and III'. And the German-language source gives the reversibility boundary: 'Eine Leberzirrhose (Fibrose-Stadium F4) gilt ... als NICHT MEHR VOLLSTÄNDIG REVERSIBEL. ALLE STADIEN DAVOR ... KÖNNEN SICH ... ZURÜCKBILDEN.' scope: pivens showed vitamin e did not cross this edge — 'improvement in fibrosis was not observed.' Nothing on this blend has been shown to reverse established fibrosis in a person.
It increases Liver scarring.
Verbatim (pmc8960636, Osipova et al.): 'The progression spectrum of NAFLD starts from non-alcoholic fatty liver (nafl), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), anD to cirrhosis which is one kind of the end-stage liver disease. And NASH had been the second leading indication for liver transplantation for adults in the united states in 2015.' scope: the Mexican guideline warns the stages are not a queue — 'Esteatosis y hepatitis representan grados variables de lesión, PERO NO son REQUISITOS para EL DESARROLLO DE CIRROSIS.'.
Blends that modulate it
Each blend page names this pathway and carries the study behind its claim.
See it on the map
Open the causal map to follow this pathway upstream and downstream, arrow by arrow, each with its study.