Heart muscle marker
When a hospital tests whether your heart is damaged, this is the protein it measures. In this illness the immune system can make antibodies against it — and transferring those antibodies alone, with no virus involved, made hearts work worse in animals. The same antibodies were later found in real patients.
In depth
The heart protein measured in a blood test — and the one some antibodies attack.
What drives it
Cardiac autoantibodies reduces it.
And here is proof of the strongest kind for the autoantibody: transfer it alone, and the heart fails. 'autoantibodies against cardiac troponin i appeared in spontaneously developing autoimmune myocarditis in PD-1 deficient mice, who lack the T-cell receptor costimulatory molecule PD-1. The passive transfer of this antibody induced myocardial dysfunction. Later, this autoantibody was found in patients with myocarditis' (doi 10.1007/s00059-012-3692-z — Matsumori a. Lessons learned from experimental myocarditis, Herz 2012). ⇒ the antibody alone, with NO virus and NO immune cells, made the heart work worse — and the same antibody was then found in real patients. Troponin i is also the protein measured in a blood test when a heart is damaged. the marker and the target are the same molecule. doi 10.1007/s00059-012-3692-z
What it drives
It increases Cardiac output.
And here is proof of the strongest kind for the autoantibody: transfer it alone, and the heart fails. 'autoantibodies against cardiac troponin i appeared in spontaneously developing autoimmune myocarditis in PD-1 deficient mice, who lack the T-cell receptor costimulatory molecule PD-1. The passive transfer of this antibody induced myocardial dysfunction. Later, this autoantibody was found in patients with myocarditis' (doi 10.1007/s00059-012-3692-z — Matsumori a. Lessons learned from experimental myocarditis, Herz 2012). ⇒ the antibody alone, with NO virus and NO immune cells, made the heart work worse — and the same antibody was then found in real patients. Troponin i is also the protein measured in a blood test when a heart is damaged. the marker and the target are the same molecule. doi 10.1007/s00059-012-3692-z
Blends that modulate it
Each blend page names this pathway and carries the study behind its claim.
See it on the map
Open the causal map to follow this pathway upstream and downstream, arrow by arrow, each with its study.